Steganography is the art of hiding the fact that communication is taking place. This is done by hiding the original information inside something called a carrier file. Many different carrier files can be used, but digital images are the most popular because they occur most frequently. Basically, a secret message is being hidden within an image. These images can be a big threat to security, because they look harmless but could actually contain company secrets. The use of digital images make use of weaknesses in the human visual system, which has a low sensitivity to small random pattern changes and luminance. Because of this, small text can be inserted into an image without the viewer noticing.
There are a few different applications of image steganography. Of course, the most used one is confidential communication and data storage. The existence of confidential data can be hidden and it can also be made impossible to uncover it. It can also be used to protect data alteration. There is also an application that does not focus on hiding data, but focuses on unifying two types of data. For example, a photo could have an association to some other data such as the date or time. This makes it easier to transfer. All of these applications are just some of the reasons why image steganography use is so widespread.
References:
http://prateekvjoshi.com/2013/03/20/image-steganography/
http://www.datahide.com/BPCSe/applications-e.html
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